Tuesday, April 11, 2017

1962/63: Three fantasy fiction anthologies from Pyramid Books: THE UNEXPECTED edited by Leo Margulies, THE UNKNOWN edited by D. R. Bensen, SWORDS AND SORCERY edited by L. Sprague de Camp (and, from other publishers about then, BEYOND and THE FANTASTIC UNIVERSE OMNIBUS)


















In 1962, Pyramid Books was widely considered a second-string publisher of paperbacks, but had, in Donald R. Bensen, an intelligent and innovative editor, who among other things was commissioning (or editing himself) some impressive anthologies. The Unexpected was the first of four anthologies he'd buy from Leo Margulies (although the veteran pulp editor/publisher apparently farmed out the editing of at least the latter two to Sam Moskowitz), the first anthologies drawn from the pages of Weird Tales since the magazine folded in 1954, and, first published in 1961, it sold well enough to have a new edition, with a different cover reflecting the new standardized Pyramid design, the next year. Concentrating as it does on the later years of Weird Tales, it featured some of the most innovative and influential writers in fantasy and related fields still active at the time...with stories that were good to brilliant examples of the kind of new horror Dorothy McIlwraith's WT featured in the 1940s and into the 1950s, moving away from the neo-gothic work that the Farnsworth Wright issues had specialized in. 




In 1963, Bensen himself offered a companion, the first anthology (eventually of two Bensen would edit) drawn from Unknown Fantasy Fiction, later Unknown Worlds, to appear since the magazine's publisher had produced a magazine-format best-of, From Unknown Worlds, after World War II to test the waters for possible revival of the magazine. Unknown had folded in 1943 as a victim of relatively low sales during wartime paper restrictions. But while McIlwraith's WT was innovating in modern horror and fantasy, so, too, was Unknown featuring a lot of the kind of modern or "low" fantasy that Thorne Smith and John Collier, or Noel Coward, were writing or had written...nowadays, this kind of fiction is often considered "urban fantasy". The two magazines overlapped in appeal and shared many of their star contributors, even more after Unknown dropped off the market. Editor John Campbell apparently never completely got over the loss of the magazine, and even though his more durable science fiction magazine Astounding, later Analog, was famous for being the primary home for "hard" or scientifically rigorous sf, Campbell would slip at least some borderline fantasy into the mix for the rest of his time as editor.

 Though Weird Tales was best known for horror, and Unknown for contemporary fantasy, both featured no little adventure fantasy of the kind that had been tagged, in the early '60s by notable innovator Fritz Leiber, "sword and sorcery" fiction (in part after the model of "sword and sandal" historical drama, often with some fantasy and/or religious elements); L. Sprague de Camp, a writer of historical fantasy and one of those "completing" fragmentary Conan stories and pages left unfinished when creator Robert Howard committed suicide, put together the first anthology to feature the new term in its title...gathering a defining set of classic and more recent stories in the mode. De Camp would go on to do several more anthologies for Pyramid and eventually others. While Lancer Books had the collected Conan stories in the '60s, and Ballantine was publishing most of the more classic epic fantasy in the market, with some items of similar interest published by Avon, Ace and Berkley, among others, Pyramid had these widely-loved antholgies in its catalog.

The first, 1961 edition of The Unexpected:


One of the Berkley anthologies of similar interest is still the only anthology so far drawn exclusively from Beyond Fantasy Fiction, the first fantasy companion to Galaxy Science Fiction magazine, and in many ways a successor to Unknown, edited by one of that magazine's star contributors, H. L. Gold--for no obvious reason, the anthology was edited anonymously, and saw only one edition--which misidentifies its content as sf: 
    Beyond ed. Anon. (by Thomas A. Dardis) (Berkley Medallion F712, Jan ’63, 50¢, 160pp, pb)
    • 7 · The Watchful Poker Chip of H. Matisse · Ray Bradbury · ss Beyond Fantasy Fiction Mar 1954
    • 15 · The Ghost Maker · Frederik Pohl · ss Beyond Fantasy Fiction Jan 1954
    • 27 · Can Such Beauty Be? · Jerome Bixby · ss Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sep 1953
    • 40 · The Real People · Algis Budrys · na Beyond Fantasy Fiction Nov 1953
    • 94 · The Beautiful Brew · James E. Gunn · nv Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sep 1954
    • 117 · I’d Give a Dollar · Winston K. Marks · ss Beyond Fantasy Fiction May 1954
    • 130 · The Root and the Ring · Wyman Guin · nv Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sep 1954
    • 150 · Double Whammy · Fredric Brown · gp Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sep 1954; Naturally, vi; Voodoo, vi
    • 153 · Talent · Theodore Sturgeon · ss Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sep 1953

And one of the magazines Leo Margulies founded, in 1953, the same year that Beyond launched, Fantastic Universe, was for its seven-year run one of the few consistent markets for both sf and fantasy on U.S. newsstands, along with The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction and the more erratic Fantastic...which saw its own best-of published in hardcover in 1960, edited by its final editor, Hans Stefan Santesson, and reprinted in paperback in 1968 in the US (the UK edition appeared in 1962)...oddly, Santesson chose to ignore stories from the period before he edited FU, which made for a somewhat less representative...and less good...anthology. Also, the volume lacked what was probably Santesson's own translation of a Jorge Luis Borges story, the first published in a U.S. fantasy magazine...which appeared in a late issue of FU, offered about the same time the anthology was...





































































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7 comments:

  1. Jim C.April 11, 2017 at 12:41 PM

    I still have my copy of Swords & Sorcery.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Todd MasonApril 11, 2017 at 12:45 PM

    I collected both editions of THE UNEXPECTED without realizing it...and keep the atrocious Jove package of THE UNKNOWN perhaps for nostalgia--I bought it new--but mostly for Bensen's new introduction...

    ReplyDelete
  3. Prashant C. TrikannadApril 11, 2017 at 1:57 PM

    That's an amazing lineup of writers on the covers of THE UNEXPECTED and BEYOND.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Todd MasonApril 11, 2017 at 2:04 PM

    And all the others, as well...

    ReplyDelete
  5. SteveHLApril 12, 2017 at 3:50 PM

    This was the period when I was buying every science fiction or fantasy that I saw (and could afford). It's a pleasure to read your excellent post.

    BTW, in addition to the two other anthologies that you mention from Unknown, From Unknown Worlds and Bensen's The Unknown Five, as you may know, there is a large 1988 anthology, Unknown Worlds: Tales from Beyond, edited by Stanley Schmidt and (not surprisingly) Martin H. Greenberg. There is a lot of duplication of stories among the anthologies.

    ReplyDelete
  6. Todd MasonApril 13, 2017 at 11:02 PM

    There is, indeed...and Schmidt published a Baen paperback that is also a not-bad but not first-rate representation...I've picked up both of those over the years. A little less duplication when there are items left waiting for reprint would also be good!

    The closest BEYOND has gotten to another best-of is being represented in the 1990 volume THE RIVALS OF WEIRD TALES, edited by Robert Weinberg, Stefan R. Dziemianowicz and Martin H. Greenberg...by a single story, if a good one, by Matheson.

    ReplyDelete
  7. Todd MasonApril 13, 2017 at 11:05 PM

    And thanks, Steve...and I now have a nagging sense that Davis or Dell published a special issue of their bookazine series of best-ofs from ANALOG (and their other fiction magazines) that mixed ASTOUNDING and UNKNOWN stories, during Schmidt's years...

    ReplyDelete

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