Showing posts with label sf and fantasy fandom. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sf and fantasy fandom. Show all posts

Friday, April 7, 2017

FFB: THE EIGHTH STAGE OF FANDOM by Robert Bloch (Advent: Publishers 1962; Wildside Press 1992)...and "The Other Side of the Bloch" (OMNI magazine, October 1994)

The first, Advent: Publishers edition












Wildside Press 1992 reprint
The Eighth Stage of Fandom is a collection of Robert Bloch's writing for fanzines, the personal and amateur magazines published by fantasy and sf fans (and soon after by others, including mystery and suspense fans, comics aficionados, rock music people and most enthusiastically punk rockers, and by the 1990s, basically anyone who felt like producing a 'zine; blogs and other social media scratch this creative/communicative itch for many these years); the fantastic-fiction fanzines grew out of the newsletters of early fan clubs, and some influential early fans, notable among them H. P. Lovecraft, being enthusiastic participants in amateur press associations (APAs), originally devoted to people who loved the actual production, the layout and typesetting, of newsletters, back in the heroic days of page makeup through lead slugs in heavy trays. Fandoms took on the APA model of trading their magazines with each other as well as making their fanzines available to non-publishers/traders.

Most fanzines are and were primarily written by their editor/publishers, but from the beginning of the form, at the turn of the 1930s, the more ambitious fanEds (as in editors) would solicit contributions from others. Some fanzines over the decades have been very elaborate productions, with professional grade appearance and lithography (or better than many professional magazines at times) while many were more or less legibly mimeographed (or spirit-duplicated or ditto'd or hectographed--and eventually photocopied) single-sheets or short simple letters...and some of the mimeographed (etc.) fanzines were also rather impressive-looking, sometimes managing multicolored, clear illustration and handsome typography. But the content was usually king, and few were more widely sought for their contributions to fanzines than Robert Bloch. This book being a sample of what Bloch and editor Earl Kemp were happiest with among his contributions written for love and no money, a practice Bloch was moving away from in 1962 as his literary career now also included a flourishing screenwriting career, and he had less time and energy for contributing as widely and formally as he had. (He became famous from about this period onward for sending postcards, white with red borders and with a small letterhead line, to comment on fanzines and the like, often packed with his small, neat handwriting...I received one in response to sending along our five-person collective magazine (in*sit). 

The view of what was best, as collected in 1962, is an interesting mixed bag; some of it (notably pieces from Fritz Leiber's latest 1940s bohemian fanzine of sorts New Purpose) is satire of the world at large that would not've found a likely home except in the most critical of critical reviews ("Second Coming" is made up entirely of the New York Daily News or its imitators' headlines over the several weeks of the return of Jesus Christ, and his ignominious fate, for example). Others are good bits of film criticism, including a keen dissection of Jack Webb's Pete Kelly's Blues and interesting notes not solely on the marked differences between British and US films from the '30s through the mid '50s, but also on how Bloch had been one of the relative few to watch easily available 1930s UK films (as they were often offered as the second features in the screenings he'd attend, though much of the audience would leave after the usually American first feature), and how so many fellow Yanks were now seeing those and more recent UK films thanks to syndication and network broadcast on US television. The tone is usually humorous, whether in a heavily metaphorical recasting of fannish life (and Harlan Ellison's devotion to spectacularly large issues of his fanzine Dimensions--even the title presaged Dangerous Visions and the troubles with its second sequel volume) in the terms of the typical Fallen Woman story so popular in fiction and drama at midcentury (Ms. Ellen Harlinson eventually finds redemption with Fuggheads Anonymous in "I'll Fry Tomorrow"), or in reaction to the ad copy for a "7-foot rocketship" cardboard toy, which makes its pitch to the children with the promise of the satisfaction they'll feel after they drop atomic bombs on their adversaries from their zap gun-armed craft--Bloch wonders if the market can be expanded twith kits for lynching, the bloodier sports and those profiting from them, or corporate crime. And some of the matters addressed are rather recondite--Bloch was writing most of these for a fannish, insider audience, so that knowledge of who Claude Degler was or why a reference to Who Sawed Courtney's Boat is a laugh line is helpful at times; a supposed transcript of a meeting of an editorial cabal in the early '50s refers to one editor, apparently of a paperback line, whose name I don't recognize. But even without helpful annotations, most of this will be fairly clear to most readers; references to Sensitive Fannish Faces re often self-explanatory.

And Bloch steps away even from the bitterly satirical at times, as when he praises the cartooning work of William Rotsler (he makes a good case in comparing it to that of James Thurber and some of his New Yorker colleagues) or when noting how few seemed to mark the passing, much less the accomplishment, of Weird Tales magazine, which folded, in its first run of just over three decades, in 1954. (As a title, the magazine has been revived with greater or lesser success several times over the succeeding decades. might yet publish another issue in its current spectral condition; Bloch, having been one of its chiefest contributors and one who's work came to maturity in its pages, takes fandom to task with laudable restraint.)

A book worth having, though not the first choice for the reader new to Bloch. It does seem odd that's been 25 years since the publication of the Wildside edition, with a new afterword by Harlan Ellison to go with a revision of Wilson "Bob" Tucker's introduction to the first edition, from thirty years previously.

For more of today's books, please see Patti Abbott's blog.


1954 issue of Harlan Ellison's Dimensions, featuring rather smudgily-typed contributor names Poul Anderson, Theodore Sturgeon, Robert Bloch, Algis Budrys, Julian May Ditky (she published her fiction as Julian May), Marion Zimmer Bradley, (I believe) Dean A. Grennell, David English, Ray Schaeffer, Jr., Phyllis D. [illegible], David Ish (whose "The Fantasy People" was fiction about fans which was published in the paperback literary magazine New World Writing) and Gregg Calkins.

An earlier issue, under its earlier title:

Bloch's farewell to his readers...I used it as part of a display in the bookstore I worked in at the time of his death... (as archived at this OMNI site).


The other side of the Bloch 

by Robert Bloch

I've been ranting and raving about it for years, but now I'm going to do something about the overpopulation problem, personally.
I'm going to die.
Soon.
Sitting here at my desk just as I've sat every workday during the past 60 years, it's hard for me to believe that this is not just another story opening designed to attract reader attention. But this time it's fact, not fiction.
Not that the subject matter is all that new to me. For most of those 60 long years of a professional writing career I've been dealing with death and dying. Scores have perished in my murder mysteries and suspense stories, hundreds more succumbed in my fantasy tales, entire populations were wiped out in my speculative fiction, and nobody can total the body count of my supernatural horror work.
But that's my job. I roll a piece of paper into the typewriter, load it with words, and the words kill people. Only this time when I do it, I'm killing myself, and it's not just a story anymore. It's real.
I'm going to die.
Soon.
The problem is, I'm not ready yet. I'm not prepared. Like most of us, I suppose, I've a tendency to procrastinate, to put off things until tomorrow, or sometime in the near future. And now, all at once, the doctors tell me there won't be very many tomorrows, and the future they foresee is very near indeed.
Granted, the medical practitioners aren't always infallible in their prognoses, and today's high tech isn't necessarily of more value than yesterday's tender loving care. Dr. Fu Manchu may not have been your choice for a family physician, but at least he made house calls.
In his absence I've had to rely on the machinery and mechanics of internists, gastroenterologists, and oncologists. They would be only too happy to dispel false tumors, but instead all agree that I've got a real one. And it's got me. They're all pretty cagey about exactly how much time I have left--months, weeks, days?--but every one of them agrees it might be a good idea for me to switch to instant coffee.
Having lived a long time, it's difficult now to accept that stalling and inertia have cheated me of so many of life's simplest pleasures. I never mastered the art of producing a piercing, attention-getting whistle. I never was able to snap my fingers--or wiggle my ears.
I have never operated a computer or seen the light at the end of the carpal tunnel. I've missed out on learning how to play a musical instrument, or even a guitar. I'm hopeless in sports, never gotten into gaming, haven't done hard drugs or knowingly ingested garlic into my system. I have never molested a child, or vice versa. I've owned dogs, cats, canaries, and other pets without harboring carnal desires for any of them. I once attempted sex with a Playboy centerfold, but her staples got in the way.
These are some of the things you think about when you know you're going to be dead soon.
And because you're scared.
Damn right I am. And I think anyone who isn't afraid of dying is crazy, unless he or she has found a way around the problem. Becoming a vampire might be nice, but how do you go about it?
I tried, but can't say I had much success. All that my long-distance phone call produced was, Thank you for calling Castle Dracula. We're sorry, but all of our blood-suckers are busy right now. If you will leave your name and blood type we will return your call as soon as possible.
So much for modern technology, and maybe it's just as well they didn't call back. Come to think of it, a vampire's existence isn't all that easy, and who wants to sleep in an evening dress instead of pajamas? Besides, I don't want to live forever--just long enough to be around for George Burns's 100th birthday.
All right, enough of that. Let's get real. Get a life. Get a death.
Just what do we know about death, anyway? Not as much as we think, most of us, because it isn't something we're supposed to think about.
I'm no exception. In spite of my professional preoccupations, there's very little I ever bothered to learn about the actual rigors of mortis. But now that I've a personal interest in the subject, I decided it was high time to find out what to expect. Here's what the experts offered:
When you die, your heart stops. But the brain is still technically alive for three or four more minutes. Digestion occurs for the next twenty-four hours. Blood remains viable for several hours, then settles downward so that the body's downside is darker and more mottled; if the body lies face upward, the face is pale. Rigor mortis takes place in from two to six hours, depending on circumstances, and reverses two or three days later. By this time the stomach is bloated with gas. The flesh decomposes, the veins and skin turn blue, purple, green, and black. The softer tissue turns to jelly, the cornea of the eye is no longer clear, the eyes begin to melt in their sockets. The skin pulls away from the lips, leaving a grin. Bacteria thrive, worms feel no horror, only hunger. Maggots are moving mouths, devouring decay.
Yetch!
I'm going to be cremated.
But in the end, forensic details aren't important. The body is just an exterior; the real me is interior. What happens there?
And according to a million different religions, you don't stay inside after you're dead. The me part comes out, and you have a choice of another million versions telling you what becomes of it. Who looks after its welfare, who protects it? Here's an answer picked at random:
In northern India, in the cemetery of Bodhgaya, is Kshetrapala, the Guardian of the Dead. A demon with blue skin, a yellow face, bristling orange hair, three bulging red eyes, and a four-fanged grin, he is clad in a corpse skin and a tigerskin loincloth. He is mounted astride a huge black bear, carrying an axe in one hand and a skull-cap of blood in the other.
So much for your security guard. On the other hand, if you're dead inside as well as out, who needs this kind of protection? And think of the hassle you'd get with the animal lovers after they heard about tigerskin loincloths and riding on bears.
If legend hasn't got the answers, maybe it's better to try history. After all, when you get right down to it, history is really just one long death report.
Sample: In China, in 1640 A.D., the warlord Chang Hsien-Chung killed 30,000,000 people in less than a year in Szechuan Province alone. The entire area was transformed into a mountain range of body parts--hands, feet, heads, torsos.
Sound incredible? Yes, but if you read it again it sounds pretty dull, too--dull and meaningless. We don't know who Chang Hsien-Chung was, and not knowing, we can't really care. History has reduced him to the same anonymity as that of his 30,000,000 victims, and they too remain statistics rather than human beings whose sufferings we can share. Aside from the health hazard provided by those mountains of cold cuts, there's nothing here for us to care about. We don't know what happened, or why, and it's not likely any of that vast army of victims will return to give us any answers.
Call Dr. Frankenstein's laboratory and ask if he can restore any of those body parts to life, and all you'll get is a recorded message. Sorry, but we don't have that information at the moment. Our Fritz is down.
Not much information, and no consolation here; not from forensic medicine, organized religion, or disorganized corpses in history.
So where to learn the lessons about dying and how to die? In the end (a term which is no longer just a figure of speech to me), I must return to my own roots--fiction and drama, the areas in which I've lived and worked all these years.
It seems to me that the British and the Americans are the real masters of deathbed drama, though they had to learn their techniques through trial and error. A good example would be Lord Nelson's last words to a captain when mortally wounded at Trafalgar: "Kiss me, Hardy." Obviously this line of dialogue would have been much more appropriate coming from the mouth of Stan Laurel.
But practice makes perfect, and perfection was reached in the film Citizen Kane as Orson Welles whispered "Rosebud" as a last word, revealing himself to be a sledophile.
Though not all of us can expect the sentimental sendoff of a Little Nell or get yanked to heaven by stagehands who pulled the stunt (and ropes) for Little Eva, there are easier examples to follow.
Nobody ever died better than the British in the early days of sound film. Most of them breathed their last in luxury: a clean double or king-size bed in a handsomely furnished bedroom of a town house, a country manor, or even a noble palace. Generally propped up on pillows, and extremely well-lighted, the moribund usually had time to deliver bits of wisdom and philosophy before quietly expiring--all this, mind you, without a single tube or wire dangling from their bodies. Way to go! Nowadays it seems like most people perish more messily, by taking a bullet in the belly and falling off a platform or high balcony in a warehouse; if driving a car, they either explode in a fireball or crash through a plate-glass window.
Of course, they aren't given much of a chance to prepare. In less violent times--and fiction--many of the characters had enough advance notice to compose themselves before starting to decompose.
There were several popular approaches to the theme, in print and on screen. One was the "Now I can really appreciate" reaction, knowing that one was seeing or doing something for the last time ever. Then there was "If only I could go back and tell him/her/it how sorry I am." But perhaps the most popular was the "One last time" theme, in which blackface vaudeville performers sang about seeing their dear old Mammy down in Virginny while secretly yearning to visit their dear old bank account over in Switzerland.
But never mind. Vaudeville is dead, and I soon will be, and doing shtik about Swiss banks doesn't help me when I'm frightened. Of feeling pain, and of not feeling anything at all. Of what I know and of what I don't know.
One would think that after a long lifetime, I'd at least have learned a little something to pass on to future generations, a little counsel, advice, or just plain common sense.
But all I've learned is that sense isn't necessarily a common commodity. And experience has taught me only what it teaches everyone in time: lend and you lose a friend; today's confidant becomes your enemy tomorrow because you know too much; when it happens to somebody else it's comedy, but when it happens to you it's tragedy.
A few years ago I put down some of what I know in an autobiography. But Once Around the Bloch was not primarily intended to be an instruction manual. Writing my autobiography was fun. Living it was not always that entertaining.
Actually, I was writing in self defense. As a longtime fantasy writer I was aware of my eminent colleagues in the field, and while I couldn't compare my work to that of an Edgar Allan Poe or an H. P. Lovecraft, I did share one thing with them in common--a vulnerability to the biographers who could come up with their own version of a life-story after its subject was no longer around to dispute what was said. I preferred to tell the truth as I saw it, rather than be Griswolded like Poe or DeCamped like Lovecraft.
At the time I naturally had no way of knowing that there'd be few other opportunities left for me to add to what I'd written, so there was a lot I omitted. I didn't have much to say about personal or political beliefs and convictions, and after what's happened to me now, this seems probably like the last chance I may have to express those sentiments.
Funny thing is, at the moment these things no longer seem all that important. Practically all I can offer by way of philosophy is that I think human beings are wonderful on the individual level; it's when they act as a group that the mob becomes a monster. As to personal attitude, I'm an elitist; the Founding Fathers may have sincerely believed that all men are created equal, but apparently none of them bothered reading the New England Journal of Medicine to find out about genes.
I don't think I suffer from delusions of grandeur about my own status. All my career has been spent as an entertainer in the ranks of what is currently labeled "pop culture."
I can handle that, but as an elitist I refuse to equate my work with tagger graffiti, the designer-label art displayed on 50-pound bags of steer manure, or the noises emitted by Snoop Doggy Dog.
Dealing with such trivia is scarcely a hot-button item with me, but putting such statements down on paper helps distract from my stomach-churning awareness that pain hurts more than anything, only so much sand can be fitted into an hourglass, and that somewhere there's a toe-tag with my name on it.
Reminds me of a story about another entertainer: master showman and egomaniac P. T. Barnum. During his final illness he told a reporter the thing he most keenly regretted about dying was that he'd not be around to read any of his obituaries. The reporter went to his boss, the editor of the New York Evening Sun, and the next day they arranged to run a big four-column spread about the old man. Barnum was so pleased when he saw it that he perked up and lived for several more weeks.
Maybe that's why I'm writing this, hoping I can stick around long enough to get a reaction from the news. Or maybe it's because I've spent the last six decades writing for an audience and it seems natural to write one more time, if only to say goodbye.
Once word gets around--once the cat is let out of the body-bag--people will start calling to inquire how I am. Actually they won't all be all that curious about me; what they'll really want to know is about a visitor called Death.
Death will be coming to our house for an indefinite stay, but while he's there this unwelcome guest must be treated as a member of the family.
And that's what will make the callers curious. What's it like, living with Death twenty-four hours a day? Does he make special demands on our attention, interfere with household routine, disturb my comfort, change the ways I eat or sleep? Do we worry about him constantly, keep him first and foremost in our thoughts night and day?
Right now I can't give full answers to these questions but expect to be able to do so soon. Very soon. One thing is already clear--we don't look forward to having him around. And we'll be anxious for him to depart, except that when he leaves he won't go alone.
He won't go alone, but he won't take all of me with him, either. A part will still remain behind, until paper crumbles, film dissolves, and memories fade.
Who knows? By the time these things happen, you and I, somewhere or someplace, may meet again. Anyway, it's nice to think so.
See you later.
I hope.

Saturday, July 25, 2015

ca. October 1950: PLANET STORIES, STARTLING STORIES, THRILLING WONDER STORIES and their companions as GALAXY debuts, conclusion/part 5

Cover by Allen Anderson?
read this issue at Archive.org
Part 1
Part 2 
Part 3 
Part 4
As readers of the previous installments might know, Galaxy Science Fiction magazine made a big splash in sf circles and beyond with its October 1950 first issue, as part of an effort by a very successful European magazine publisher trying establish some lucrative US projects, after their international hit in various languages, the all-ages romance comics title released here as Fascination, flopped. Galaxy, however, was an immediate success, if not the kind of huge moneymaker World Editions was hoping for...and it was widely hailed in the sf community, with good reason, as the best new sf magazine to arrive in at least a year, when heavily fantasy-oriented The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction launched, and possibly ever (see Robert Silverberg's brief testimonial in Part 1).  But the tendency to discount the contribution and quality of many of the magazines already in place at Galaxy's foundation (and at least one just after, Damon Knight's Worlds Beyond) are, by me, unfortunate at best, and for this last installment, we deal with three of the best extant rivals of Galaxy at its birth, and their certainly not-bad reprint companions. 

Love Romances Publishing Co./Fiction House; 
Jerome Bixby, editor
If any sf magazine was more loved and more mocked, with only some justice, than Planet Stories, I'm not sure which title that might be.  Planet was the epitome of adventure sf magazines; despite its title for today's literary taxonomists in sf circles, it was the unabashed home of space opera as well as planetary romance (is your adventure in free space or on a planetary or other gravitational body?), and also would publish rather more sedate pieces, not least as one of the first regular markets for Ray Bradbury. In fact, among Bradbury's first professional publications was his collaboration with the single greatest writer as well as the heart and soul of Planet throughout its 1939-1955 run, Leigh Brackett. While most of Planet's editors throughout the 1940s apparently barely demonstrated knowing how to properly hold a red pencil, they were fortunate in having Brackett as a passionate and prolific contributor of some of the best and most heartfelt adventure sf yet published. And she wasn't alone...actually, throughout the history of the magazine, it published no little good or better work from a range of the best writers in the field, including many who were also stars over at the much more widely respected Astounding Science Fiction, where Robert Heinlein served as the primary example of what that magazine could produce...but, unfortunately, the 1940s Planet editors
Cover by Kelly Freas
seemed just as happy to take in the writing of the likes of Stanley Mullen, some of the clumsiest bits of prose you don't want to read. But with the appointment of Jerome Bixby to the editorship, officially under the founding and magazine group editor Malcolm Reiss,  the old crew of writers, such as Brackett, Bradbury, Fredric Brown, Nelson Bond and the wildly uneven Ross Rocklynne, were supplemented by Poul Anderson, Charles L. Harness, Margaret St. Clair, Allen Kim Lang, John D. MacDonald and others (including Bixby himself) who were just coming into their own, and writing often brilliant fiction by any standard. (Unfortunately, Bixby also published a Mullen or two, whether because he inherited the clunking stories in inventory or not, I don't know.)  Like Columbia's magazines and Marvel Tales, Planet and its stablemates at Fiction House were also cousins to a flourishing line of comic books; Bixby was also editing Jungle Stories, the original home of Tarzan clone Ki-Gor, who with his pal Sheena, Queen of the Jungle were major figures in the likes of Jungle Comics, which had as a stablemate Planet Comics. I don't know if Bixby was also editing Detective Book or any of their other crime-fiction magazines, which would also run Bradbury's fiction...or if Brackett sold much to their cf titles, as she was beginning to establish her crime-fiction writing career in the early '40s, which led directly to being hired by Howard Hawks to work on the script for the Bogart & Bacall-starring film adaptation of The Big Sleep from the Raymond Chandler novel...and her subsequent Hollywood career, which included adapting The Long Goodbye for the 1970s film, and, just before her death, writing the first treatment and version for the Star Wars sequel, The Empire Strikes Back. Brackett's non-adventure sf novel The Long Tomorrow was recently issued in a new edition by the Library of America. For that matter, Jerome Bixby's writing career was also starting to pick up speed in the early '50s, when he would write and see published his most famous story, "It's a Good Life"...perhaps, like Damon Knight's "To Serve Man" or Lyn Venable's "Time Enough at Last", one of those sf magazine stories much better known for their Twilight Zone adaptations (and The Simpsons parody riffs) than in their original form. Bixby had some Hollywood work as well, including the original treatment for the 1960s film hit Fantastic Voyage.
Planet Comics #38 (1945) art: Joe Doolin


Major comics icons such as Will Eisner and Jack Kirby had important career turning points with the Fiction House graphic line, and the art on both sides of the product line were improving throughout the '40s and into the '50s...the garishness of some of the early Planet covers helped turn off some perhaps overly serious fans, who were embarrassed enough by the small-print "Astounding" over the large-lettered SCIENCE FICTION on that more subtly covered magazine. Nonetheless, the elegance of the exotic art on Planet Stories certainly improved at the turn of the 1950s (as see above), and no one had a good reason to take a snobbish attitude toward the magazine for its last six years or so, before being one of if not the last Fiction House title to fold in the wake of distribution troubles, comics censorship and loss of audience, and the general slumping sales and retail exposure given the pulps in the mid-1950s onward. 
Cover by Allen Anderson



Under Bixby, the magazine went from quarterly to bimonthly publication with the issue out at about the same time as the first Galaxy.

To read this issue online at Archive.org
Contents:
Cover by Allen Anderson
Also launching just after the Galaxy debut, the worst-titled sf magazine (at least among the fully professional ones) was launched as a reprint title, with also a rather awkward cover format. You know a writer of Bixby's skill could've come up with a better title for the magazine, which was presumably forced upon the 'zine by the publishing brass 
(they published other Two Complete...Books titles, but no others with such a sad attempt at a new label for their content). Note also the first issue's rather interesting mix of still-reasonably-famous writers, both remembered today in some part for their religious work...the atheist Asimov for his presidency and staunch support of the American Humanist Association, Hubbard, of course, for the Church of Scientology...Dianetics, its core, had such a vogue in sf circles that even the skeptical Christian James Blish writes an article about it (which involves Bixby) and sees it published in Planet (see above).
Contents:

Standard Magazines/Better Publications, Inc.; 
Sam Merwin, Jr., editor
And the last of our magazines from the US newsstand set in the last months of 1950 are the Thrilling group sf magazines, stablemates over the years of such titles as Thrilling Mystery and Thrilling Adventure; Standard bought Hugo Gernsback's second major sf magazine, Wonder Stories, and augmented its title slightly in 1936; the first editor after the takeover was Mort Weisinger, who, even before Ray Palmer would at Ziff-Davis's magazines, aimed TWS and its eventual companions Startling Stories and Captain Future magazines squarely at a young audience (Weisinger's fantasy magazine, Strange Stories, was slightly more adult), and in doing so had the letter columns theoretically conducted by a Colorful old space-hoot named Sergeant Saturn, who had an irritating alien companion he called WartEars. Weisinger left the magazine to become the editor at Superman and other National Periodicals comics in 1941, and the less acute Oscar J. Friend continued most of the bad policies at the magazines (Strange was folded with Weisinger's departure; the Captain would lose his own magazine as Friend was about to leave, in 1944). But in 1945, Sam Merwin
1952 Bergey cover, a mix of "GGA"(Good Girl Art)
and the tragic for the first monthly issue.
was placed at the editor's desk, and announced an immediate desire to make his magazines better, including getting rid of  "Sarge" and starting to publish as much rather sophisticated sf as he could gather, trying to lean toward adventure fiction but not to the same degree as Planet (though TWS and Startling would also run a number of stories by the likes of Arthur C. Clarke, Margaret St. Clair, Leigh Brackett, Eric Frank Russell, Ray Bradbury, Henry Kuttner and Frederic Brown that pulled in other directions), and Astounding-style technologically rigorous work was welcome (from the likes of Clarke, James Blish or Charles Harness), but it wouldn't be the hallmark of the magazine, either.  Sadly, perhaps, the Captain Future novellas were retained for inclusion in Startling Stories (not the best work Edmond Hamilton or, sometimes, Manly Wade Wellman among others were doing, but who better?), but the magazines did markedly improve. The packaging was often still similar to what it had been earlier, including covers by Earle K. Bergey much loved by at least a few vocal readers of this blog (and its writer, and not without reason), but the fiction was much more engaging and diverse. Merlin's 1952 successor, Samuel Mines, got to reap even more reward with this, as his version of Startling became briefly the bestselling magazine in the field...and Startling absorbed its stablemates for the last few issu
es in 1955. Merwin would go onto assistant editing at Galaxy (as did Jerome Bixby), editing early issues of Fantastic Universe, and eventually editing Mike Shayne Mystery Magazine.

Thrilling Wonder Stories had perhaps the best lineup for the late 1950 issue, if perhaps also the worst of a bad set of cover illustrations:
Contents:
But it's certainly close...Jack Vance head to head with John D. MacDonald and Eric Frank Russell...and the letter column is full of fans who would go on to write and edit in field when they weren't doing so already...
Cover by Earle Bergey
Contents:

And the Thrilling Group added their own reprint magazines to the mix, beginning in early 1950, with a new story or two in each issue of Fantastic Story Quarterly (with one by Merwin and one by "William Morrison" in this issue):
Contents:
And, reviving an old Gernsback tradition, Wonder Story Annual was introduced, as an all-reprint magazine, in mid 1950:
Contents:

And, so, thanks for all the kind notes, folks...no more of this particular project to come, for now, but even a cursory glance over this blog will suggest this kind of post happens rather frequently...

And thanks for all the fine work done by the folks at ISFDB and Galactic Central, from which most of the images and all the indices have been borrowed. Thanks to ComicVine for information on and image of Planet Comics.

Friday, July 24, 2015

FFM: ca. October 1950: WEIRD TALES, FANTASTIC ADVENTURES, AMAZING STORIES, IMAGINATION, OTHER WORLDS: the US newsstand peers of the new GALAXY, Part 4 of 5

Cover by Frank Kelly Freas

Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 5/conclusion
This is the fourth in a series of quick looks at the newsstand magazines devoted to fantasy and science fiction, published in the US, which shared retail space and artistic community with the first issue of Galaxy Science Fiction, which became almost inarguably the most influential and was inarguably the best-selling sf magazine for a period of a year or sos in the early 1950s...though the conventional wisdom, that it was in its own league (or in a league composed only of three elite magazines) when compared to the often impressive existing magazines, and a few (mostly revived) to appear along with it, is, I'd say, unwarranted...1950 was a very good year for the rather large number of such fiction magazines in the US alone, with even the weakest titles having something worth reading about them, and the commercial success of Galaxy (and Startling Stories, and some others)
Cover by Bill Wayne
was often well-deserved...it's probably a pity it inspired such a larger glut of several less-distinguished, and several short-lived excellent, competitors by the mid '50s...a pity in the latter case only in 
that they were short-lived and helped create a glut that exceeded the available audience market...though the writers at the time were certainly happy to have the markets...


And all that said, this installment, once we're past Weird Tales, is probably the weakest set of the magazines we'll deal with, as editor Howard Browne had been part of editor and now publisher Raymond A. Palmer's fiction-factory approach to the Ziff-Davis magazines, an approach Palmer carried over to his new Clark Publications magazines...while continuing, much like John W. Campbell, to pursue some paranormal interests beyond sf or fantasy (Browne, for his part, often found it hard to care when his magazines were not budgeted to do much more than continue the bad old methods, and like his old boss Palmer and his assistant Hamling before him, Browne would leave ZD, in his case for Hollywood, in the mid 1950s).

Weird Tales, Inc.; Dorothy McIlwraith, editor
Weird Tales, founded in 1923, is the oldest of the magazines we consider in this series (and the one, at least till the founding of The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, probably the most respected in at least the more adventurous corners of the larger literary world) and the first US magazine, at very least, to be established with an only-fantasy-fiction remit (with an obvious emphasis on horror). The second editor, Farnsworth Wright, had been separated from the magazine for health reasons by early 1940, and his approach to the magazine, very Gothic and devoted to, or at least very tolerant of, the most discursive sort of prose, had drawn a devoted audience, and fostered the careers of H. P. Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith, Robert E. Howard, Carl Jacobi, Manly Wade Wellman,  Frank Belknap Long and Seabury Quinn, and drawn contributions from writers such as August Derleth, H. Russell Wakefield and Algernon Blackwood who had established themselves elsewhere and sometimes in utterly different modes; as did Long (and, in many ways, Lovecraft), Edmond Hamilton wrote a fair amount of "weird-scientific" science fiction and science-fantasy for the magazine (and they would be joined in that by the young C[atherine]. L. Moore). Meanwhile, (sometimes only slightly) younger writers, some of them corresponding friends with Lovecraft and the other members of his Circle, such as Robert Bloch, Fritz Leiber, Henry Kuttner, Mary Elizabeth Counselman, Ray Bradbury, Alison V. Harding, Theodore Sturgeon, Margaret St. Clair and Joseph Payne Brennan, often got their eldritch start writing for Wright's WT, with others first contributing to McIlwraith's version of the magazine; but most of the second group (and some of the veterans, such as Wellman) really found their own voices in pages of the more consciously modern magazine under the new regime. McIlwraith was simultaneously editing Short Stories, the general interest pulp slanted toward men (so her editorial credit there was as "D. McIlwraith").

Since there was no October issue (a strange bit of scheduling for such a magazine), I'm cheating by featuring two issues, the September with the even more impressive set of contributors than the November, which in its turn is led off by Fritz Leiber's important early story "The Dead Man"...and has a better cover painting.
Contents:
September:

November:
(Calvin Thos. Beck, letter-writer cited above, would become most famous in his own right as editor and publisher of Castle of Frankenstein, a fairly sophisticated if utterly fannish magazine about horror film and related matter, but would become even more famous backhandedly, as the model, in his physical appearance and in his relation with his utterly unpleasant and domineering mother, for Robert Bloch's character Norman Bates, in the novel Psycho.)

Cover by Robert Gibson Jones

Ziff-Davis Publishing Co.; 
editor: Howard Browne 
(assistant editor: 
William Hamling)
Fantastic Adventures, and its stablemate, the oldest theoretically all-sf magazine, Amazing Stories, had been going through quite a lively, jarring time at the turn of the 1950s. Ray Palmer, who had been editor of Amazing since it was purchased by Ziff-Davis in 1938 and founding editor of FA in 1939, had a love for sf and fantasy, but also an itch to challenge authority and otherwise prove he could do nearly anything he set out to do (perhaps in part due to an early accident that left him a very short, hunchbacked man at maturity); he'd taken his mostly adventure-oriented, youth-slanted magazines to the next level in sales by publishing a series of the supposed revelations of aliens among us, Deros who lived in the (hollow) Earth under the surface and tried to control us (the times were ripe for control conspiracies, as I suppose they always are), as somewhat rewritten from submissions by one Richard Shaver; the "Shaver Mystery" had particularly annoyed staffer Howard Browne, primarily a mystery writer but also fond of fantasy fiction, not so much of such "fringe" paranoia. Thus, when Palmer left, in 1949, to devote his time to his own magazine company (founded while still working for Ziff-Davis, Palmer's ownership hidden by pseudonyms), Browne was kicked "upstairs" to the editorial desk--and. ZD in 1950 toyed with the notion of a bigger-budgeted, more sophisticated "slick" magazine version of Amazing, but little came of that; Browne had begun buying some rather better material for the project, but instead it was parceled out in FA and Amazing issues, along with typical "filler" stories and even more trivial short articles in the magazines, business as usual...except, and particularly in what FA published in 1950, there was a fair amount of good to brilliant material. Even with a sequel to L. Ron Hubbard's well-received fantasy Slaves of Sleep and a contribution from the young Mack Reynolds, the October issue was one of the weaker in a year that had seen the magazine offer, in previous months, The Dreaming Jewels by Theodore Sturgeon, You're All Alone by Fritz Leiber, "The Devil with You!" and "The Girl from Mars" by Robert Bloch, Reynolds's "Isolationist" and, in the September issue, Leiber's impressive "The Ship Sails at Midnight" and good stories by August Derleth, "William Tenn" and Lester Del Rey.  And even the staff writers on the magazine, usually churning out the more ephemeral pulp stories, included at times Bloch and such other talented writers as William P. McGivern and Rog Phillips (who both also contributed some more ambitious stories) and Browne himself; Walt Sheldon and Clifford Simak had stories in these issues that rose above the level of most items published under such "house names" as "Alexander Blade". Charles Myers offered Thorne Smith-lite fantasy in his "Toffee" stories, to FA and several other magazines in the 1950s. 
Contents:
Cover by Robert Gibson Jones
Browne never did like science fiction as well as fantasy, and didn't attempt to hide that fact; he was very vocal about how much he liked the work of Theodore Sturgeon, among a few others, but Sturgeon, like most of his contributors, wrote in both modes with aplomb (if Sturgeon usually better than most others). Browne's Amazing was rarely as impressive as his Fantastic Adventures, when he was trying at all, and when Ziff-Davis finally decided to try a semi-slick, well-budgeted Fantastic in 1953, Browne was almost as happy as if they'd let him revive one of the crime-fiction titles ZD had published in the latter '40s, or start a new one. Amazing in 1950, and in this issue, nonetheless did have several stories from Fredric Brown, Clifford Simak, Rog Phillips, Mack Reynolds and other notable writers.
Contents:
Cover by Hannes Bok
Clark Publishing Co.; 
Raymond J. Palmer, editor

Imagination also launched with its October 1950 issue, with a gorgeous Hannes Bok cover (one of his best, in a too-short, brilliant career), if perhaps in more of a Maxfield Parrish mode than usual for Bok. The fiction content of the first issue is less well-known, and I've not yet read anything from this issue, so don't know if the often very good Kris Neville's story rises above the typical Ziff-Davis competent hackery that seems to dominate this table of contents, or if among the relatively few stories Willard Hawkins contributed to the fantastic-fiction magazines over the decades, this one is in any way notable.  There is some question as to whether this magazine was published briefly by Palmer solely as a favor to William Hamling, who might've been the real editor and publisher but not quite yet ready to leave his job at Ziff-Davis, as Palmer had the year before after a stealth campaign in founding Clark Publishing and introducing his magazine Other Worlds, and the rather more enduring "nonfiction" title, Fate magazine. In any case, Palmer formally turned "Madge" over to  Hamling in 1951, who published it for several years before getting much more focused on the rather sophisticated Playboy imitator Rogue and from there, as the '60s progressed, onto more-explicit pornography publishing.
Contents:
Cover by Malcolm Smith

Other Worlds, on the other hand, was definitely Ray Palmer's magazine. The fiction wasn't too likely to impress the reader too much from issue to issue but the personality behind the editorials and blurbs was all RAP, as Palmer often signed himself, and it's notable how much of this issue was written by Rog Phillips (with apparently minor Fredric Brown and Randall Garrett stories among the others). Palmer had a partner in publishing Fate magazine, and eventually took on a partner in editing OW, Bea Mahaffey. After a couple of years, Other Worlds was actually "split" into two magazines, with a general understanding that perhaps Universe Science Fiction (going Galaxy one better) was mostly Mahaffey's project, and Science Stories (again with some impressive Bok cover illustration) was more Palmer's, but I have no idea to what degree that's accurate. It is well-known that probably the most important story Universe published, in its first issue under that title, was Theodore Sturgeon's "The World Well Lost," which is the first story in newsstand sf magazines to present a positive portrayal of a homosexual couple (of aliens in this case) and make the case against homophobic discrimination.  Eventually, the two titles were reincorporated into one, and a year or so after Palmer sold his interest in Fate, he changed the title of Other Worlds to Flying Saucers from Other Worlds and continued that title as a "non-fiction" UFOlogy title for some years. 
Contents:
Concluding installment tomorrow, if the crick don't rise...dealing with some of the best magazines in the field, though unfortunately for them pulp magazines and thus doomed to fold in 1955 as that form of publishing was dying: Planet Stories, Startling Stories and their stablemates.

Images and indices from ISFDB and Galactic Central. 

For more of today's more typical Friday Books entries, please see Patti Abbott's blog.